{"schema_version":"public-product-v1.1","generated_at":"2026-07-21T11:05:20Z","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","advisory":{"id":"Cisco-SA-20121107-CVE-2012-5424","slug":"cisco-sa-20121107-cve-2012-5424","vendor":"Cisco","title":"Cisco Secure Access Control System TACACS+ Authentication Bypass Vulnerability","summary":"Cisco Secure Access Control System (ACS) contains a vulnerability that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass TACACS+ based authentication services offered by the affected application. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input processed by the affected software. An unauthenticated, remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a special sequence of characters when prompted for a targeted user's password. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to any system that uses TACACS+  and relies on the authentication service provided by the affected software in the networking environment. Cisco has confirmed this vulnerability and software updates are available. A successful exploit requires an attacker to know a valid username stored in the LDAP external identity store. If valid usernames have been compromised, the attacker can impersonate only those users. Administrators may consider using role-based access controls (RBAC) for users in the environment to help protect network resources in the event of a successful exploit. In addition, an attacker would likely need access to an internal, trusted network in which a targeted device may reside, decreasing the likelihood of a successful exploit. Cisco indicates through the CVSS score that functional exploit code exists; however, the code is not known to be publicly available.","severity":"Medium","published_at":"2012-11-07T16:15:52Z","updated_at":"2012-11-07T16:15:52Z","source_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/Cisco-SA-20121107-CVE-2012-5424","csaf_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/contentjson/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/Cisco-SA-20121107-CVE-2012-5424/csaf/Cisco-SA-20121107-CVE-2012-5424.json","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure."},"freshness":{"last_source_refreshed_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","latest_source_refresh_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","oldest_source_refresh_at":"2026-07-21T03:00:03Z","all_sources_fresh":true,"sources":[{"source":"cisco_advisories","label":"Cisco advisories","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T03:00:03Z","stale":false},{"source":"cisco_csaf","label":"Cisco CSAF","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:14:24Z","stale":false},{"source":"nvd_cves","label":"NVD CVEs","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:30Z","stale":false},{"source":"cisa_kev","label":"CISA KEV","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:31Z","stale":false},{"source":"first_epss","label":"EPSS","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","stale":false}]},"summary":{"cve_count":1,"visible_product_count":1,"public_evidence_count":1,"kev_count":0,"highest_epss":0.02452},"cves":[{"id":"CVE-2012-5424","kev":false,"epss":{"score":0.02452,"percentile":0.8261,"score_date":"2026-07-20","updated_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:32Z"}}],"public_evidence":[{"product":{"name":"Cisco Secure Access Control System (ACS)","slug":"cisco-secure-access-control-system-acs","vendor":"Cisco"},"cve":{"id":"CVE-2012-5424"},"evidence_type":"structured_affected","evidence_label":{"scope":"CSAF product evidence","label":"product_status known affected"},"evidence_source":"Cisco CSAF","source":"Cisco CSAF","source_document_fetched_at":"2026-07-20T04:35:42Z","csaf_status":"known_affected","csaf_product_status":"known_affected","csaf_product_status_path":"vulnerabilities[].product_status.known_affected","raw_product_name":"Cisco Secure Access Control System (ACS)","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","exposure_verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","kev":false,"epss":{"score":0.02452,"score_date":"2026-07-20","updated_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:32Z"},"published_at":"2012-11-07T16:15:52Z","updated_at":"2012-11-07T16:15:52Z","advisory_updated_at":"2012-11-07T16:15:52Z","source_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/Cisco-SA-20121107-CVE-2012-5424","row_display_order":1}]}