{"schema_version":"public-product-v1.1","generated_at":"2026-07-21T11:16:32Z","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","advisory":{"id":"cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject","slug":"cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject","vendor":"Cisco","title":"Cisco Email Security Appliance Header Injection Vulnerability","summary":"A vulnerability in the Sender Policy Framework (SPF) functionality of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Email Security Appliances (ESA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass configured user filters on the device. The vulnerability is due to incomplete input and validation checking mechanisms for certain SPF messages that are sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a customized SPF packet to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the header filters that are configured for the affected device, which could allow malicious content to pass through the device. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability. This advisory is available at the following link: https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject","severity":"Medium","published_at":"2019-08-07T16:00:00Z","updated_at":"2019-09-26T20:01:12Z","source_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject","csaf_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/contentjson/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject/csaf/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject.json","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure."},"freshness":{"last_source_refreshed_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","latest_source_refresh_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","oldest_source_refresh_at":"2026-07-21T03:00:03Z","all_sources_fresh":true,"sources":[{"source":"cisco_advisories","label":"Cisco advisories","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T03:00:03Z","stale":false},{"source":"cisco_csaf","label":"Cisco CSAF","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:14:24Z","stale":false},{"source":"nvd_cves","label":"NVD CVEs","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:30Z","stale":false},{"source":"cisa_kev","label":"CISA KEV","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:31Z","stale":false},{"source":"first_epss","label":"EPSS","last_success_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:34Z","stale":false}]},"summary":{"cve_count":1,"visible_product_count":1,"public_evidence_count":1,"kev_count":0,"highest_epss":0.01413},"cves":[{"id":"CVE-2019-1955","kev":false,"epss":{"score":0.01413,"percentile":0.69761,"score_date":"2026-07-20","updated_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:33Z"}}],"public_evidence":[{"product":{"name":"Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA)","slug":"cisco-email-security-appliance-esa","vendor":"Cisco"},"cve":{"id":"CVE-2019-1955"},"evidence_type":"structured_affected","evidence_label":{"scope":"CSAF product evidence","label":"product_status known affected"},"evidence_source":"Cisco CSAF","source":"Cisco CSAF","source_document_fetched_at":"2026-07-20T04:37:43Z","csaf_status":"known_affected","csaf_product_status":"known_affected","csaf_product_status_path":"vulnerabilities[].product_status.known_affected","raw_product_name":"Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA)","exposure_verdict":"not_assessed","verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","exposure_verdict_reason":"Public evidence does not evaluate exact release, platform, enabled features, configuration, compensating controls, or live exposure.","kev":false,"epss":{"score":0.01413,"score_date":"2026-07-20","updated_at":"2026-07-21T05:16:33Z"},"published_at":"2019-08-07T16:00:00Z","updated_at":"2019-09-26T20:01:12Z","advisory_updated_at":"2019-09-26T20:01:12Z","source_url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject","remediation":{"url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-esm-inject"},"row_display_order":1}]}